The Second Whitlam Ministry was the forty-ninth Australian Commonwealth ministry, and ran from 19 December 1972 to 12 June 1974.

Australian Labor Party

• Hon Gough Whitlam, QC MP: Prime Minister. Minister for Foreign Affairs (to 6 November 1973)
• Hon Lance Barnard, MP: Deputy Prime Minister, Minister for Defence. Minister for Supply (to 9 October 1973). Minister for the Army, Minister for the Navy, Minister for Air (to 30 November 1973)
• Hon Dr Jim Cairns, MP: Minister for Overseas Trade. Minister for Secondary Industry (to 9 October 1973)
• Hon Bill Hayden, MP: Minister for Social Security
• Hon Frank Crean, MP: Treasurer
• Senator Hon Lionel Murphy, QC: Attorney-General, Minister for Customs and Excise
• Senator Hon Donald Willesee: Special Minister of State (to 30 November 1973). Vice-President of the Executive Council (to 30 November 1973). Minister assisting the Prime Minister (to 30 November 1973). Minister assisting the Minister for Foreign Affairs (to 6 November 1973). Minister for Foreign Affairs (from 30 November 1973)
• Senator Hon Doug McClelland: Minister for the Media
• Hon Dr Rex Patterson, MP: Minister for Northern Development. Minister for the Northern Territory (from 19 October 1973)
• Senator Hon Reg Bishop: Minister for Repatriation. Minister assisting the Minister for Defence
• Hon Fred Daly, MP: Minister for Services and Property
• Hon Clyde Cameron, MP: Minister for Labour
• Hon Tom Uren, MP: Minister for Urban and Regional Development
• Hon Charles Jones, MP: Minister for Transport. Minister for Civil Aviation (to 30 November 1973)
• Hon Kim Beazley, MP: Minister for Education
• Hon Frank Stewart, MP: Minister for Tourism and Recreation. Minister assisting the Treasurer (from 15 February 1973) Vice-President of the Executive Council (from 30 November 1973)
• Senator Hon Jim Cavanagh: Minister for Works (to 9 October 1973). Minister for Aboriginal Affairs (from 9 October 1973)
• Senator Hon Ken Wriedt: Minister for Primary Industry
• Hon Gordon Bryant, MP: Minister for Aboriginal Affairs (to 9 October 1973). Minister for the Capital Territory (from 9 October 1973)
• Hon Rex Connor, MP: Minister for Minerals and Energy
• Hon Al Grassby, MP: Minister for Immigration
• Hon Les Johnson, MP: Minister for Housing (to 30 November 1973). Minister for Works (9 October 1973 to 30 November 1973). Minister for Housing and Construction (from 30 November 1973)
• Hon Kep Enderby, QC MP: Minister for the Capital Territory (to 9 October 1973). Minister for the Northern Territory (to 19 October 1973). Minister for Secondary Industry (from 9 October 1973). Minister for Supply (from 9 October 1973)
• Hon Lionel Bowen, MP: Postmaster-General. Special Minister of State (from 30 November 1973). Minister assisting the Prime Minister (from 30 November 1973)
• Hon Dr Doug Everingham, MP: Minister for Health
• Hon Dr Moss Cass, MP: Minister for the Environment and Conservation
• Hon Bill Morrison, MP: Minister for External Territories (to 30 November 1973). Minister for Science. Minister assisting the Minister for Foreign Affairs in matters relating to Papua New Guinea (from 30 November 1973)

The order of seniority in the Whitlam Ministry was determined by the order in which members were elected to the Ministry by the Caucus on 18 December 1972, except for the four parliamentary leaders, who were elected separately.